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Under what circumstances can a work of art be reproduced? Here, a series of historical examples and judicial opinions involving the copyrighting and patenting of steel tube cantilevered chair designs provide some guidance. These cases demonstrate a conceptual wordplay of sorts. Whereas some deal with issues of reproduced form, the others concern form reproduction. Or, put another way, whereas the former is an investigation into form, the latter is an examination of process.
the road printer
chair work station
FL WRIGHT Affleck House, Bloomfield Hills, Mich
Herzog's four-man crew was allowed into the cave for six four-hour shooting days, and was confined to narrow walkways lit only by small battery-powered lights (standard film lights emit heat that could damage the paintings). The tiny 3-D camera had to be rebuilt between shots to accommodate different lenses, because the men couldn't physically move the camera much within the cave. The resulting effect is wonderfully intimate: Rather than causing the paintings to pop forward in front of it, the 3-D enhances perception deep into the frame. The low lighting even accentuates the experience, mimicking the conditions in which the paintings were initially made and seen, and drawing out what Herzog sees as their latent cinematic potential.
Artists have long struggled in New York, moving into rough areas, gentrifying them and then getting forced out. But as the city has gotten increasingly expensive, there are few such neighborhoods left to move to, forcing a growing number of artists to abandon the city. Many had hoped the recession would bring down rents, making it easier for them to stay. Instead, rents have barely dropped, and the part-time jobs they depend on for survival have become harder to find. Without a strong arts community, New York risks losing its standing as a creative center, which could have a negative impact on numerous industries that depend on talented employees.
Though there are no official numbers, a survey of 1,000 artists conducted in 2009 by the New York Foundation for the Arts found that more than 43% expected their annual income to drop by 26% to 50% over the next six months, and 11% believed they would have to leave New York within six months. Even more troubling, cultural boosters say, is that for the first time, artists fresh out of art schools around the country are choosing to live in nascent artist communities in regional cities like Detroit and Cleveland—which are dangling incentives to attract this group—and bypassing New York altogether.
louis kahn esherick house chestnut hill pa