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Lorna Mills and Sally McKay
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Goya, Executions on the Third of May, 1808 (1819). [source]
Techniques of interpretive illustration as used in art, according to James O. Young (see previous post), p. 82-84:
Selection: "A work of art can, by judicious use of selection, bring an audience to focus on objects which have been overlooked, or thought unworthy of careful attention."
Amplification: "Amplification is a technique common in all forms of satire. It is found in the paintings and engravings of Hogarth and in the plays of Sheridan. In general, amplification highlights certain properties and thereby draws attention to them."
Simplification: "Every object possesses a great many properties. When simplification is used in the representation of an object, some of these properties are down-played or eliminated. [...] One sub-species of simplification may be called idealisation. Idealisation is simplification that removes all of an object's imperfections."
Juxtaposition: "When juxtaposition is employed, two or more objects are simultaneously represented. [...] Classic instances of juxtaposition are found in Jane Austen's novels. She frequently juxtaposes a superficially engaging but morally flawed character with a type who, though lacking certain social graces, has true worth."
Correlation: "Correlation involves the representation of an object in such a way that audiences will see it in relation to a second object. The difference between juxtaposition and correlation is that juxtaposition involves the representation of both objects, while in correlation the second object is not represented. A good example of correlation is provided by Goya's The Third of May 1808 in Madrid: Executions on Principe Pio Hill. Here a Spanish patriot is represented in such a way that he resembles and recalls the crucified Christ."